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Structural synthesis of ancient Chinese foot-operated silk-reeling mechanism

Kuohung HSIAO, Yuhsun CHEN, Hongsen YAN,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第3期页码 279-288 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0101-2

摘要： This work synthesizes the structures of the foot-operated silk-reeling mechanism, which was vaguely depicted in many literatures in ancient China. Based on the analysis of the mechanism, the structural characteristics and design constraints of the mechanism with indeterminate links and joints are concluded. Then, according to the concepts of generalization and specialization subject to the concluded design constraints, all feasible structures of the mechanism that met the technological standards of the subject’s time period are reconstructed. This reconstruction process provides a logical foundation to better understanding, clarification, and suggestions for the issue of ancient mechanical drawings with indeterminate links and joints.

关键词： silk-reeling mechanism structure of mechanism reconstruction design history of machinery

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low-carbon economy considering spatiotemporal differentiation: An empirical study in China’s construction machinery

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 285-299 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0197-1

摘要： Although China’s construction machinery thrives to meet the needs of construction, a number of challenges still remain to be overcome, such as lack of thorough knowledge of regional disparities and several limitations in terms of carbon emissions and economic development. Meanwhile, a low-carbon economy was proposed and implemented in China. This research aims to investigate the differences in industrial agglomeration of construction machineries and further explore the relationship between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy. On this basis, spatiotemporal analysis was performed to evaluate the levels of industrial agglomeration in different regions based on the situations of China’s construction machinery industry. Furthermore, this study explored the interaction between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy utilizing the coupling coordination analysis method. Results showed that the coupling coordination of the two subsystems was extremely unbalanced in 2006, and it maintained an increasing trend, reaching a relatively high level in 2018. Finally, suggestions, such as establishing a policy guarantee system and implementing variable policies in different regions, were proposed to provide guidelines for the government decision-making and promote the sustainable development of China’s construction machinery industry.

关键词： spatiotemporal differentiation industrial agglomeration low-carbon economy construction machinery industry empirical study

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Basic research on machinery fault diagnostics: Past, present, and future trends

Xuefeng CHEN, Shibin WANG, Baijie QIAO, Qiang CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第2期页码 264-291 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0472-3

摘要：

Machinery fault diagnosis has progressed over the past decades with the evolution of machineries in terms of complexity and scale. High-value machineries require condition monitoring and fault diagnosis to guarantee their designed functions and performance throughout their lifetime. Research on machinery Fault diagnostics has grown rapidly in recent years. This paper attempts to summarize and review the recent R&D trends in the basic research field of machinery fault diagnosis in terms of four main aspects: Fault mechanism, sensor technique and signal acquisition, signal processing, and intelligent diagnostics. The review discusses the special contributions of Chinese scholars to machinery fault diagnostics. On the basis of the review of basic theory of machinery fault diagnosis and its practical applications in engineering, the paper concludes with a brief discussion on the future trends and challenges in machinery fault diagnosis.

关键词： fault diagnosis fault mechanism feature extraction signal processing intelligent diagnostics

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Advanced finite element analysis of a complex deep excavation case history in Shanghai

Yuepeng DONG, Harvey BURD, Guy HOULSBY, Yongmao HOU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 93-100 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0232-3

摘要： The construction of the North Square Shopping Center of the Shanghai South Railway Station is a large scale complex top-down deep excavation project. The excavation is adjacent to several current and newly planned Metro lines, and influenced by a neighboring Exchange Station excavation. The highly irregular geometry of this excavation greatly increases the complexity in 3D Finite Element modeling. The advanced numerical modeling described in this paper includes detailed structural and geotechnical behavior. Important features are considered in the analysis, e.g., 1) the small-strain stiffness of the soil, 2) the construction joints in the diaphragm wall, 3) the shrinkage in the concrete floor slabs and beams, 4) the complex construction sequences, and 5) the shape effect of the deep excavation. The numerical results agree well with the field data, and some valuable conclusions are generated.

关键词： advanced finite element analysis deep excavations case history small-strain stiffness

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Imbalanced fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using autoencoder-based SuperGraph feature learning

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 829-839 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0652-4

摘要： Existing fault diagnosis methods usually assume that there are balanced training data for every machine health state. However, the collection of fault signals is very difficult and expensive, resulting in the problem of imbalanced training dataset. It will degrade the performance of fault diagnosis methods significantly. To address this problem, an imbalanced fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using autoencoder-based SuperGraph feature learning is proposed in this paper. Unsupervised autoencoder is firstly used to compress every monitoring signal into a low-dimensional vector as the node attribute in the SuperGraph. And the edge connections in the graph depend on the relationship between signals. On the basis, graph convolution is performed on the constructed SuperGraph to achieve imbalanced training dataset fault diagnosis for rotating machinery. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on a benchmarking publicized dataset and a practical experimental platform, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve rotating machinery fault diagnosis towards imbalanced training dataset through graph feature learning.

关键词： imbalanced fault diagnosis graph feature learning rotating machinery autoencoder

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New method of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on distance of information entropy

Houjun SU, Tielin SHI, Fei CHEN, Shuhong HUANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第2期页码 249-253 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0124-3

摘要：

This paper introduces the basic conception of information fusion and some fusion diagnosis methods commonly used nowadays in rotating machinery. From the thought of the information fusion, a new quantitative feature index monitoring and diagnosing the vibration fault of rotating machinery, which is called distance of information entropy, is put forward on the basis of the singular spectrum entropy in time domain, power spectrum entropy in frequency domain, wavelet energy spectrum entropy, and wavelet space feature entropy in time-frequency domain. The mathematic deduction suggests that the conception of distance of information entropy is accordant with the maximum subordination principle in the fuzzy theory. Through calculation it has been proved that this method can effectively distinguish different fault types. Then, the accuracy of rotor fault diagnosis can be improved through the curve chart of the distance of information entropy at multi-speed.

关键词： rotating machinery information fusion fault diagnosis Information entropy distance of the information entropy

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Introduction to the special issue on the 2015 Workshop on History of Mechanism and Machine Science

Marco CECCARELLI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 1-2 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0379-9

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农机装备制造业服务型制造模式研究

罗建强,张弛

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第1期页码 178-186 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.01.704

摘要：

农机装备制造业是确保粮食安全、助推农业现代化的重要基础。我国农机装备制造业服务型制造处于萌芽探索阶段，服务化水平落后于国际先进水平，难以满足当前农业生产、未来产业高质量发展的需要。本文基于我国农机装备制造业当前的发展现状，深度分析3家全球知名的农机装备制造企业服务化转型案例及经验，在此基础上归纳提炼了适用于我国国情的农机装备制造业服务型制造的3类模式。研究发现，农机装备制造业服务型制造模式实现具有较强的情境依赖性，服务能力是面向对象与面向组织的集成体，农机装备制造业服务型制造模式具有较强的收敛性。为此建议，加强农机装备制造产业内外合作，整合国际优势资源；培养专业农机服务队伍，塑造错位竞争优势；聚焦我国农事难题，开展技术与服务双创新。

关键词：服务型制造；制造业服务化；农机装备制造业；农事解决方案

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Natural history of HIV infection in former plasma donors in rural China

Min ZHANG, Hong SHANG, Zhe WANG, Wei-Guo CUI, Qing-Hai HU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 346-350 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0102-x

摘要： Patients infected through commercial blood-selling practices (former plasma donors, FPDs) in China represent a unique patient population compared to individuals infected through sexual contact or intravenous drug use. FPDs all have an approximate time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during the mid-1990s. Few studies about the natural history of HIV infection in these patients were performed. The current study focuses on characterizing the duration of asymptomatic infection as well as the time to disease and mortality of infected FPDs in China. A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on data collected from 5484 HIV-1 infected FPDs in Shangcai county, Henan province. Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate the asymptomatic duration from the time of infection to the onset of AIDS as well as the survival period from the onset of AIDS to the time of death. The estimated median asymptomatic phase was about 9.21 years, which is similar to that reported in other developing countries in Africa. The estimated median life span after the onset of symptoms was about 9.91 months, which is notably shorter than life spans reported elsewhere. This is the first large-scale retrospective study on the natural history of HIV infection in FPDs in rural China. The findings not only provide valuable insight into an understudied population, but should also serve as an important reference for patient management and care.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) former plasma donor natural history China

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The biopharmaceutical industry in China: history and future perspectives

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 101-111 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0191-9

摘要：

Biopharmaceuticals reflect the rapid progress achieved in modern biomedical research. This area has also become one of the main criteria for assessing the development level of biotechnology for a particular country. Although it has been only three decades since the first biopharmaceutical, recombinant human insulin, was licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration, the biopharmaceutical industry has become the fastest growing, most dynamic and technology-intensive sector in the biomedical field. Since the licensing of recombinant human interferon α1b in 1989, the biopharmaceutical industry in China has gone through initial developments and gradually entered a period of rapid growth. This paper provides an overview of the status and development trends of biopharmaceuticals in China, and compares them with those observed in developed countries.

关键词： biopharmaceuticals antibodies market trends diseases China national regulatory agency

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Carbon Quotas, Subsidies and Engineering Machinery Remanufacturing

Dong-bin Hu,Chen-xi Xiao,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第1期页码 50-58 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016014

摘要： Engineering machinery manufacturing and remanufacturing are significant sources of greenhouse gases. In the context of emission reduction and resource recovery, the authors analyze the impact of current carbon quota allocations and government subsidies policies on manufacturers’ profits and recovery rates in a closed-loop supply chain. A simplified model consists of two manufacturers, one retailer and a third-party recycler. The study found that carbon quotas and government subsidies can both promote the improvement of recovery rates under certain conditions, and have similar effects in regulating interest distribution between manufacturers. The combination of the two methods can effectively realize the targets of recycling and carbon emissions reduction.

关键词： competitive closed-loop supply chain government subsidies carbon quota allocation remanufacturing

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工程机械控制与操纵系统的网络控制研究

李运华,杨桂林

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第9期页码 25-29

摘要：

简要综述了工程机械中控制与操纵系统的发展历程和关键技术；提出了基于现场总线控制的网络控制实现功率传输和运动控制与综合的新方案；以应用于上海磁悬浮铁路工程轨道梁搬运的工程机械的计算机控制系统为例，讨论了基于现场总线控制系统(FCS)和PC104车载工控机的车辆计算机网络控制系统的设计方法和控制策略；研究结果为大型车辆与工程机械的控制与操纵提供了新的实现途径。

关键词：工程机械控制操纵网络控制

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Fuzzy cascade control based on control’s history for superheated temperature

WANG Guangjun, LI Gang, SHEN Shuguang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 285-289 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0040-8

摘要： To address the characteristics of the large delay and uncertainty of superheated temperature, a new cascade control system is presented based on control’s history. Based on the analysis of the control objects’ dynamic characteristics, historical control information (substituting for the deviation change rate) is used as the basis for decision-making of the fuzzy control. Therefore, the changing trend of the controlled variable can be accurately reflected. Furthermore, a proportional component is introduced, the advantages of PID and fuzzy controllers are integrated, and the structure weaknesses of conventional fuzzy controllers are overcome. Simulation shows that this control method can effectively reduce the adverse impact of the delay on control effects and, therefore, exhibit strong adaptability by comparing the superheated temperature control system by this controller with PID and conventional fuzzy controllers.

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A brief history of wheat utilization in China

Minxia LU, Liang CHEN, Jinxiu WANG, Ruiliang LIU, Yang YANG, Meng WEI, Guanghui DONG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 288-295 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019266

摘要：

Wheat is one of the most important crops in both China and the world, and its domestication can be traced back to ~10000 years ago. However, the history of its origin and utilization in China remains highly ambiguous. Drawing upon the most recent results of taxonomic, genetic, archeological and textual studies focused on the wheat in prehistory, this paper argues that wheat was not domesticated but introduced into China in the late fifth millennium BP. In the subsequent centuries, this exotic crop was quickly utilized as a staple food in northwest China. In contrast, it was not adopted as a staple in Central Plains until the Han Dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE), which was mainly as a consequence of the living environment, population and innovations in food processing technology.

关键词： multidisciplinary evidence prehistoric food globalization wheat consumption wheat domestication

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An overview of the development history and technical progress of China’s coal-fired power industry

Weiliang WANG, Zheng LI, Junfu LYU, Hai ZHANG, Guangxi YUE, Weidou NI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 417-426 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0614-2

摘要： As the main power source of China, coal-fired power industry has achieved a great progress in installed capacity, manufacturing technologies, thermal efficiency, as well as pollutant control during the past century. With the fast development of renewable energies, coal-fired power industry is experiencing a strategic transformation. To specify the development of coal-fired power industry, its development history is reviewed and the technical progresses on aspects of thermal efficiency, pollutants control and peaking shaving capacity are discussed. It is concluded that the role of China’s coal-fired power source would be transformed from the dominant position to a base position in power source structure. Considering the sustainable development of coal-fired power industry in energy conservation, emission control, and utilization of renewable energies, it is suggested that the national average thermal efficiency should be improved by continual up-gradation of units by using advanced technologies and eliminating outdated capacity. Moreover, the emission standard of air pollutants should not be stricter any more in coal-fired power industry. Furthermore, the huge amount of combined heat and power (CHP) coal-fired units should be operated in a decoupled way, so as to release more than 350 GW regulation capacity for the grid to accept more renewable energy power.

关键词： coal-fired power development strategy eliminating outdated capacity peak shaving emission reduction renewable energy